Maltese Nutrition & Diet

Complete guide to feeding your Maltese for optimal health, energy, and longevity. Learn about portion sizes, food quality, and nutritional needs at every life stage.

Maltese Nutritional Needs

Maltese dogs are small but active, requiring a nutrient-dense diet to maintain their energy levels and beautiful coat. Their small size means portion control is critical to prevent obesity, which can lead to joint problems and other health issues.

Protein (25-30%)

Essential for muscle maintenance and coat health. Look for high-quality sources like chicken, turkey, and fish.

Fat (10-15%)

Provides energy and supports skin and coat health. Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids are particularly important.

Fiber (3-5%)

Supports digestive health and helps maintain healthy weight.

Vitamins & Minerals

Calcium, phosphorus, and essential vitamins for bone health and immune function.

Daily Portion Sizes

Puppies (8 weeks - 6 months)

Daily Amount: 1/2 to 1 cup (split into 3-4 meals)

Calories: 300-400 per day

Use high-quality puppy formula with DHA for brain development. Feed more frequently to support growth.

Young Adults (6 months - 1 year)

Daily Amount: 1/2 to 3/4 cup (split into 2 meals)

Calories: 250-350 per day

Transition to adult food. Maintain consistent feeding schedule to support training and development.

Adults (1 - 7 years)

Daily Amount: 1/4 to 1/2 cup (split into 1-2 meals)

Calories: 150-250 per day

Typical Maltese weight: 4-6 lbs. Adjust portions based on individual metabolism and activity level.

Seniors (7+ years)

Daily Amount: 1/4 to 1/2 cup (split into 2 meals)

Calories: 140-200 per day

Use senior formula with joint support (glucosamine, chondroitin). Monitor weight closely and adjust as needed.

Note: These are general guidelines. Every Maltese is unique. Consult your veterinarian for personalized recommendations based on your dog's metabolism, activity level, and health status.

Recommended Dog Foods

Choose high-quality, nutrient-dense foods designed for small breeds. Look for foods with real meat as the first ingredient and minimal fillers.

Premium Dry Kibble

Orijen Small Breed, Acana Small Breed, Taste of the Wild High Prairie Puppy, Canidae Grain-Free

Wet/Canned Food

Stella & Chewy's, Primal, Instinct Raw Boost, Open Farm

Fresh/Refrigerated

The Farmer's Dog, Nom Nom, Just Food For Dogs, Ollie

Raw Diet

Primal Freeze-Dried, Stella & Chewy's Freeze-Dried, DIY raw (consult vet for balance)

Tip: When switching foods, transition gradually over 7-10 days by mixing increasing amounts of new food with old food to prevent digestive upset.

Common Food Allergies & Sensitivities

Maltese dogs can develop food allergies or sensitivities. Common signs include itching, ear infections, vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive licking. If you notice these symptoms, consult your veterinarian.

Common Allergens

  • Chicken (most common)
  • Wheat and grains
  • Corn and soy
  • Beef
  • Dairy
  • Eggs

Hypoallergenic Options

  • Fish-based proteins (salmon, herring)
  • Duck or turkey
  • Lamb
  • Grain-free or limited ingredient diets
  • Novel proteins (venison, rabbit, kangaroo)

Elimination Diet: If allergies are suspected, work with your vet to perform an elimination diet using a novel protein and carbohydrate source for 8-12 weeks.

Natural Treat Recommendations

Treats should comprise no more than 10% of daily caloric intake. Choose natural, wholesome options without artificial additives or excessive salt and sugar.

Protein-Based Treats

Freeze-dried chicken, turkey jerky, salmon treats, beef chews, duck strips

Dental Chews

Yak chews, bully sticks, dental sticks, apple wood chews (help clean teeth)

Fruits & Vegetables

Apple slices, carrots, green beans, sweet potato, blueberries, watermelon (seedless)

Homemade Treats

Peanut butter (xylitol-free), pumpkin, plain yogurt, bone broth ice cubes

Foods to AVOID:

  • Chocolate (toxic)
  • Grapes and raisins (toxic)
  • Onions and garlic (toxic)
  • Xylitol (artificial sweetener - toxic)
  • Avocado (toxic)
  • Macadamia nuts (toxic)
  • Alcohol (toxic)
  • Fatty foods (can cause pancreatitis)

Hydration & Supplements

Fresh Water

Provide fresh, clean water at all times. Most dogs drink about 1 ounce of water per pound of body weight daily. A 5-pound Maltese should drink approximately 5 ounces (about 2/3 cup) daily, though this varies with activity and diet.

Beneficial Supplements

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Fish oil or salmon oil for coat health and joint support

Glucosamine & Chondroitin

Joint support, especially for seniors or those prone to patellar luxation

Probiotics

Support digestive health and immune function

Multivitamins

Fill nutritional gaps, especially if feeding homemade diets

Always consult your veterinarian before adding supplements to ensure they're appropriate for your Maltese's individual health needs and won't interact with any medications.

Feeding Best Practices

  • Feed at consistent times — Establish a regular feeding schedule (typically 2 meals daily for adults)
  • Use a measured cup — Portion control is critical for small breeds to prevent obesity
  • Monitor body condition — You should be able to feel ribs without excess fat covering
  • Avoid table scraps — Human food can cause digestive issues and obesity
  • Store food properly — Keep kibble in airtight containers to maintain freshness
  • Regular vet checkups — Monitor weight and adjust diet as needed
  • Transition slowly — When changing foods, mix gradually over 7-10 days